Browse Tag

racism

Memorial Day Reflections

When I was a kid, many years ago, in the 1950’s, you could purchase a bag of 100 rubber soldiers for a dollar. The thing I remember was that they were all green – and all male. Ten years later, when I was in the army for real, our drill instructor informed us that the only color there was in the army was green. It was his way of saying we were all going to be treated the same. And, in Basic Training, it was true, but it was far from the reality that existed and still exists today in civilian life as well as the military.

It was not until 1948 when then president Harry Truman issued an executive order (since Congress wasn’t up to enact such a bill) integrating the military, and, it was not until 1954 that the last all-Black unit was disbanded.

It was not until 1997 when then president Bill Clinton presented the Congressional Medal of Honor to 7 Black recipients who had been overlooked in their heroic deeds since World War Two. Only one was still alive to be present at the event.

During this time, Congress reviewed the backgrounds of certain non-White veterans who also appeared to have been overlooked, and, on March 18, 2014, 24 WW2, Korean and Vietnam War veterans were awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor by President Barack Obama. Only three were still alive to personally receive this highest recognition. It had been determined that these brave individuals were somehow passed over due to their ethnological profiles.

This was going on, while each year on Memorial Day, we honor all veterans who sacrificed their lives for this country, including those who received this nations highest military honor bestowed since the Civil War.

It is interesting, and important, to note that of those 3,467 whose outstanding bravery was recognized, 700 recipients of our Nation’s highest military honor were first generation immigrants; 29 were Native American, 60 were Hispanic, 89 were Black and 27 were Jews.

I think that says a lot. It says a lot about all the millions who served and are serving this country in uniform. That there is ethnic and cultural diversity in our nation’s fabric which cannot be downplayed by the current racist leadership of this country.

Today, with the re-emergence of tolerated, condoned and even encouraged, racial and religious hatred permeating our society, we desperately need to combat these unacceptable and vile forms of behavior through education, protest and public involvement.

If we are going to use this one day to honor our veterans who gave their lives for this Country, then we must honor them all. We must honor the Black soldier who defended our right to be racist, the Chicano soldier who defended our right to close our borders, the Native American soldier who defended our right to sell off their sacred land, the Gay soldier who defended our right to deny them a wedding cake, the Jewish and Muslim soldiers who defended our right to ridicule and attack other religions.

To clarify my point, we owe our veterans, specifically the ones I mentioned, more than just a day of recognition. Perhaps this Nation owes them and their families the daily freedom, respect, liberty, justice and pursuit of happiness that they fought and died for.

Riverview Park

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They tore it all down while I was in Viet Nam. It was the place I spent a lot of money and time enjoying myself as a pre-teen and teenager. It was one of the last places I went to before going into the army and one of the first places I wanted to go back to when I was discharged. They tore down Riverview Park in 1968.

Riverview Park had been around since the turn of the century when some Germans decided they wanted to make a picnic grounds and rifle range out of an old North side dumping ground located along the Chicago river. It’s where my great-grandfather sold his beer. The park continually expanded with rides and attractions and became a famous super-carnival located at Western and Belmont Avenues on the North side of Chicago.

You knew it was summer when Two Ton Baker (another story) came on the radio or television inviting you to laugh your troubles away (for a few dollars). I first went there with my parents when I was nine or ten years old. I went on the kiddie rides like the Caterpillar and miniature train for the most part but longed for the day I could attempt the bigger and scarier rides, especially the roller coasters. There were a variety of coasters. All wooden frame that clattered and rattled as the cars full of visitors rode over the wooden trestles. There was the Silver Streak, Blue Streak, the Bobs and Flying Turns and a few others. The Flying Turns was originally named the Bobs and was transported from the Worlds Fair. The tracks would suddenly disappear as you entered and careened around a semi-tubular structure just like a bobsled run. How the cars got back on track is a mystery to me.

Every summer, as I recall, there was a front page article of someone falling off one of the roller coasters. There would be a black and white photo with a dotted line to show the path down of the unfortunate individual who did not keep his hands on the bar, or who moronically stood up during the coaster’s descent.

Before the days of mega theme parks such as Great America, for us Chicago kids there was Riverview Park and you could get there easily by a ten cent bus ride. We waited impatiently as the summer drew near to be able to once again go to the park with the nickles and dimes we saved all winter. We could be assured that our favorite rides and attractions would still be there along with one or two new additions. And, as a teenager, it was a place to meet girls.

There were even special discount, five and ten cent ride days, days where you could go to a local business and pick up a coupon good for four discounted rides and free admission. By the 1960’s, Riverview was losing money. Free admission and discount coupons were used by kids who came to assemble at the park and spend the day but, after using the coupons, simply hung around, spending little more cash.

The park had a myriad of attractions. There was Aladdin’s castle, a centerpiece in the park and was sort of a haunted/fun house with twists and turns that you walked through, including a device in the front of the castle where, when young ladies walked across, would blow their skirts up in the air for all to see. There was also a smaller building called Hades located near the river but most of us stayed away from that since river rats kinda called it home.

There was a large selection of carnival booths, shooting galleries, penny arcades and ring toss games. You could toss a ping pong ball and if it landed in one of the bowls, go home with a goldfish. You could win stuffed animals, cupie dolls and chalk figurines (which now are worth some money on Ebay!). Or, you could, for a penny, watch a hula dance where cards flipped over to give the illusion of action, or, for another penny, receive a funny certificate or a photo card of cowboy heroes or beach bunnies.

There were concessions where you could purchase cotton candy, hot dogs , ice cream and soda and then go on the Tilt-a-Whirl and throw up. I especially liked one ride which was simply a large bucket suspended on cables, with a front rudder you could manipulate and steer the contraption high or low. I think it was called the Flying Wing. It was my favorite ride which I spent numerous “let’s ride again for five cents” times. Soaring above the tree line and buzzing over the heads of passers-by, I pretended I was a flying ace.

One attraction I vividly remember as a child was the Dunk-em stalls. This was a area consisting of two or three large cages where you threw baseballs at a target hoping to connect and dunk the person sitting in the cage on a platform, into the water below. The cages had a wire front and the individuals behind it were clearly visible. And Black.

I didn’t fully understand the implications back then, but middle age black men ( you didn’t see many Black folks at the park in the late 1950’s) would be sitting in the cages hurling insults at passers-by who would then pay ten cents (3 for a quarter) for a baseball to hurl at the target in hopes of dunking the smart-mouth. So just imagine a group of White people, young and old throwing baseballs at a target to dunk a Black man into the water while they also hurled epithets at one another. Sometimes it did get a little heated where, in frustration, the pitcher threw the ball directly at the person in the cage rather than the target! and although I didn’t participate (since my aim and throwing arm were bad), I did hang around and watch. I can now imagine the Black employee going home after a day of insults and dunking saying to his family, “I sure pissed off a few White folks today!”

As you walked down the Midway, there was an attraction which had real monkeys chained to miniature racing cars. You would put your dime on a color and watch the race as the monkeys sat in the cars in a stupor, riding around in a large circle. I recall another attraction that employed baby chicks, but dont remember what it was about. And there was the Side-Show with bearded ladies, overly obese people and, what were called then, freaks. I never went into that area, preferring the roller coasters and flying wing!

When I returned from Viet Nam in 1969, I vowed to make one last journey to the park. After being discharged and trying to assimilate back into society, I took a trip down to the area which was leveled but not yet developed. I strolled around the area remembering the midway, the location of the rides I enjoyed and then became an amateur archeologist, digging in the rubble for remnants of a childhood past. I spent many afternoons in 1970 with pick and shovel as I, and a few others, dug around the area, occasionally coming up with a bottle or small figurine or dish.

You might say, I was happy down in the dumps.

The Color Flesh

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As a small child, I never wondered what black kids thought when they reached into their box of Crayolas and pulled out the “flesh” colored crayon.

How someone in the executive ranks could have possibly been that ignorant as to label a color “flesh,” and then have the company actually produce it, is beyond today’s comprehension, but it did exist for a time, as well as “Indian red,” and was accepted into our culture – a predominantly White culture.

Back in the 1950’s, coloring books were basically marketed for White folks. We had Roy Rogers, Howdy Doody and other prominent television idols, drawn into a book that we could use our crayons to color. There were not too many visual references to people of color, so we mostly had so-called Caucasian images and, of course, with the Western books, Indians! We needed an appropriate colored crayon to help us in our quest for cartoon realism.

Although we had colors like Burnt Umber, Peach and Olive, my guess is someone decided to make it clearer for us white kids, without giving any thought to the effects on children of color who might also enjoy coloring in the book, to include “Indian red” and “Flesh,” as a way of guiding us in our creativity. Of course, if the image was a person of color, we could simply use brown, black or chestnut hues to fill in the image. They didn’t market “Negro Black or Brown” crayons.

But the fad was not limited to crayons. There were also flesh colored bandages which appeared, again having sort of a peachy/cream color. Unfortunately, if you were a person of color, the bandage didn’t really blend in to your skin tone. As a matter of fact, it didn’t blend into mine either, although it was better than the pure white bandages that preceded the toned ones.

At the time, it didn’t disturb me because we were growing up in an age of ignorance and what we now call White Privilege. And the companies that marketed the flesh colored items failed to realize that flesh is not a color – unless you happen to be racist.

The N- Word

brazil nut

Cashews and pistachios are my favorite nuts. There are a few, however, on my list I will never eat because of the psychological effects they have had on me. I think it was nuts that opened the window of racism for me although, at the time, I didn’t understand the implications.

I was around seven years old while walking to school one morning when a friend offered me a walnut. I had had walnuts before so I gladly accepted. It had a hard to open shell so I placed it between my teeth and bit down. It cracked open and when I separated the shell with my fingers, the interior was a brown sawdust looking mess and staring back at me was a worm. I screamed in disgust and tossed the nut into the street. My friend offered me another which I refused. I have refused walnuts to this day unless the meat has already been extracted from the shell.

The above is a nice way to ease into the next category. Being under ten years old, most of the words I learned to identify things were from my parents. Unknowingly, I am certain, they taught me in the ignorance of the times without understanding the long range effects it would have on me as well as others.

I liked certain nuts my parents, and everyone else I knew, called “redskins.” I knew them by no other name until one day saw a newspaper ad regarding a sale on a pound of Spanish Peanuts. I was confused as to why they were called Spanish when the name redskins implied (to me) Native Americans. Needless to go into detail, it took a while for me to understand the social incorrectness of my parents terminology. Eventually, I didn’t like the way the flaky skins stuck in my throat so I stopped eating them.

Then there was the nuts I knew, again, by no other name but “N-word toes.” The term, as my mother had to explain was not because we were actually eating someone’s toes, but only that they looked like that and so, the name. Well, I didn’t know, because I had never even seen a person of Color (much less their toes) in our neighborhood on the Northwest side until I was fourteen years old!

I grew up in all White neighborhoods, went to all White schools and shopped with my folks in all White stores. Honest, it was that segregated at the time. The first Black people I even talked to were two men who cleaned the Will Rogers movie theater when I was an usher at fifteen years old.

I do not blame my parents for their ignorance because they grew up learning the same things they were passing on to me and, I didn’t know any better for many years because of my non-association with people of color. So it was not only me calling them Brazil nuts “N-word toes,” because when my mom went to the store and ordered a pound of them by that name ( she, like many others, probably never knew their actual name) as she also did with “Redskins,” the clerks knew exactly what she wanted. She was never confronted nor admonished. No one was. It was the 1950s.

By the way, I never did eat Brazil nuts, only because of the mental image I had of eating someone’s toes, even until this day.

As an aside, I never heard my parents use the N-word when discussing people of color (only when ordering Brazil nuts) and the folks in my neighborhood did not have to deal with the presence of people of color until the City started bussing Black students to schools in 1967! Then racism, exposed, reared its ugly head and things began to change.